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	<title>Comments on: Regional Rail for New York City &#8211; Part I</title>
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	<link>http://www.thetransportpolitic.com/2009/07/16/regional-rail-for-new-york-city-part-i/</link>
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		<title>By: Secret</title>
		<link>http://www.thetransportpolitic.com/2009/07/16/regional-rail-for-new-york-city-part-i/#comment-2020</link>
		<dc:creator>Secret</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 25 Jul 2009 14:10:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://thetransportpolitic.com/?p=2729#comment-2020</guid>
		<description>Actually, Alon, NJT&#039;s M&amp;E and Montclair electrification is 25 kV 60 Hz. The Coast Line electrification also varies: it goes from 12 kV 25 HZ to 25 kV 60 Hz. That&#039;s why MUs can&#039;t run west of Matawan.

Wdobner: while the MUs can change frequency, they cannot do so ON THE FLY. That requires new technology. I&#039;m not even sure the Silverliner V will have that capability.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Actually, Alon, NJT&#8217;s M&amp;E and Montclair electrification is 25 kV 60 Hz. The Coast Line electrification also varies: it goes from 12 kV 25 HZ to 25 kV 60 Hz. That&#8217;s why MUs can&#8217;t run west of Matawan.</p>
<p>Wdobner: while the MUs can change frequency, they cannot do so ON THE FLY. That requires new technology. I&#8217;m not even sure the Silverliner V will have that capability.</p>
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		<title>By: James</title>
		<link>http://www.thetransportpolitic.com/2009/07/16/regional-rail-for-new-york-city-part-i/#comment-2021</link>
		<dc:creator>James</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 22 Jul 2009 19:34:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://thetransportpolitic.com/?p=2729#comment-2021</guid>
		<description>Great post but I would disagree about the walkability re:MNR communities in Westchester. White Plains has a density that should make it nominally walkable, but in practice it is hellish to navigate on foot due to the high speed one-way avenues and very wide road widths in the core. Tarrytown and the other river towns are dense and quite walkable - the main impediment with these communities is the extreme grade between the waterfront train stations and the downtown cores. Any beef-up of rail to these communities is going to require some kind some kind of regular shuttle bus service to connect the waterfront, downtown, and residential neighborhoods, a la the Hudson RailLink in Riverdale, Bronx.

One thing I have not heard mentioned yet is electrification of the Hudson Line up to Poughkeepsie - it is something that needs to happen sooner or later so that MNR can eventually transition away from the dual mode locomotives into a pure multiple unit-based fleet. I doubt the locomotives are a significant source of particulates as compared to auto traffic, but they are still a source nonetheless.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Great post but I would disagree about the walkability re:MNR communities in Westchester. White Plains has a density that should make it nominally walkable, but in practice it is hellish to navigate on foot due to the high speed one-way avenues and very wide road widths in the core. Tarrytown and the other river towns are dense and quite walkable &#8211; the main impediment with these communities is the extreme grade between the waterfront train stations and the downtown cores. Any beef-up of rail to these communities is going to require some kind some kind of regular shuttle bus service to connect the waterfront, downtown, and residential neighborhoods, a la the Hudson RailLink in Riverdale, Bronx.</p>
<p>One thing I have not heard mentioned yet is electrification of the Hudson Line up to Poughkeepsie &#8211; it is something that needs to happen sooner or later so that MNR can eventually transition away from the dual mode locomotives into a pure multiple unit-based fleet. I doubt the locomotives are a significant source of particulates as compared to auto traffic, but they are still a source nonetheless.</p>
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		<title>By: Wdobner</title>
		<link>http://www.thetransportpolitic.com/2009/07/16/regional-rail-for-new-york-city-part-i/#comment-2019</link>
		<dc:creator>Wdobner</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 17 Jul 2009 22:20:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://thetransportpolitic.com/?p=2729#comment-2019</guid>
		<description>Adam, the Silverliner IVs and Arrow IIIs now in service with SEPTA and NJT are capable of performing the same power supply change you say only electric locomotives are capable of making.  The frequency change (11.5 to 12-13kv doesn&#039;t make for a particuarly big voltage change, but 25hz to 60hz will cause a transformer to overheat) is actually located north of GATE interlocking on the Hell Gate bridge approach in Queens.  Both the Arrow and Silverliners could operate to New Haven without incident.  The M2s may have retained some 25hz capability, since they originally operated on it before Metro North reelectrified.  But IIRC while the larger transformer core remains the firing logic has been changed and they are strictly 60hz-only.  However, an M2 with its 25hz capability restored would be capable of operating to South Amboy, an important local train turnback point, in addition to serving the NEC.

Some of the Silverliner IVs were actually delivered in the 1970s with the capability to perform the sort of power supply changes NJT uses its electric locomotives to do.  Unfortunately those systems were removed in the 1990s when the cars had the PCB laden transformers replaced.  The Arrow III EMUs are just a simple motor and logic control board away from full mulitvoltage capability.

An M8 with 25hz capability would have been a nearly universal EMU, capable of operating under the wire or on third rail anywhere in the Northeast provided the third rail shoes were removed or retractable.  Unfortunately Metro North and ConnDOT saw fit only to shave a few sprung tons off their 70 ton monster.  The M8 will have a 25kv capability, which would allow it to operate through to Boston if the need ever arose.  If Amtrak ever gets around to updating the NEC&#039;s power supply (at least between ELMORA at Elizabeth or UNION at Rahway and GATE) to 12kv 60hz the New Haven EMUs could roll into NYP without any problems.  They could also operate through all phase gaps on the west side of the river, including the Kearny connector (a 12kv 25hz to 25kv 60hz gap) to serve the Midtown Direct.  As it is the closest we&#039;ll have to a universal EMU will be the Silverliner V, which will be capable of using all combinations of high voltage AC voltages and frequencies in the Northeast.  Even then the Silverliner V will only be &quot;25kv capable&quot;, with an option to add taps for 25kv operation after delivery.

Finally, locomotive operation across the New Haven line&#039;s unpowered bridges is done on a daily basis by Amtrak.  There is no impediment to doing the same thing with commuter trains because the New Haven Railroad operated accelerated local trains behind locomotives for decades without incident.

All this having been said, I&#039;d just as soon avoid these technical problems and the political problems which are likely even more intractable by creating a system which provides the benefits of through-operation without requiring the integration of the various commuter railroads.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Adam, the Silverliner IVs and Arrow IIIs now in service with SEPTA and NJT are capable of performing the same power supply change you say only electric locomotives are capable of making.  The frequency change (11.5 to 12-13kv doesn&#8217;t make for a particuarly big voltage change, but 25hz to 60hz will cause a transformer to overheat) is actually located north of GATE interlocking on the Hell Gate bridge approach in Queens.  Both the Arrow and Silverliners could operate to New Haven without incident.  The M2s may have retained some 25hz capability, since they originally operated on it before Metro North reelectrified.  But IIRC while the larger transformer core remains the firing logic has been changed and they are strictly 60hz-only.  However, an M2 with its 25hz capability restored would be capable of operating to South Amboy, an important local train turnback point, in addition to serving the NEC.</p>
<p>Some of the Silverliner IVs were actually delivered in the 1970s with the capability to perform the sort of power supply changes NJT uses its electric locomotives to do.  Unfortunately those systems were removed in the 1990s when the cars had the PCB laden transformers replaced.  The Arrow III EMUs are just a simple motor and logic control board away from full mulitvoltage capability.</p>
<p>An M8 with 25hz capability would have been a nearly universal EMU, capable of operating under the wire or on third rail anywhere in the Northeast provided the third rail shoes were removed or retractable.  Unfortunately Metro North and ConnDOT saw fit only to shave a few sprung tons off their 70 ton monster.  The M8 will have a 25kv capability, which would allow it to operate through to Boston if the need ever arose.  If Amtrak ever gets around to updating the NEC&#8217;s power supply (at least between ELMORA at Elizabeth or UNION at Rahway and GATE) to 12kv 60hz the New Haven EMUs could roll into NYP without any problems.  They could also operate through all phase gaps on the west side of the river, including the Kearny connector (a 12kv 25hz to 25kv 60hz gap) to serve the Midtown Direct.  As it is the closest we&#8217;ll have to a universal EMU will be the Silverliner V, which will be capable of using all combinations of high voltage AC voltages and frequencies in the Northeast.  Even then the Silverliner V will only be &#8220;25kv capable&#8221;, with an option to add taps for 25kv operation after delivery.</p>
<p>Finally, locomotive operation across the New Haven line&#8217;s unpowered bridges is done on a daily basis by Amtrak.  There is no impediment to doing the same thing with commuter trains because the New Haven Railroad operated accelerated local trains behind locomotives for decades without incident.</p>
<p>All this having been said, I&#8217;d just as soon avoid these technical problems and the political problems which are likely even more intractable by creating a system which provides the benefits of through-operation without requiring the integration of the various commuter railroads.</p>
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		<title>By: Alon Levy</title>
		<link>http://www.thetransportpolitic.com/2009/07/16/regional-rail-for-new-york-city-part-i/#comment-2018</link>
		<dc:creator>Alon Levy</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 17 Jul 2009 15:16:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://thetransportpolitic.com/?p=2729#comment-2018</guid>
		<description>Adam, the entire NEC south of New Haven has the same 11 kV 25 Hz electrification, and I believe that so do the electrified lines of the NJT. North of New Haven the electrification is 25 kV 60 Hz, so Amtrak has to run dual-voltage locomotives on the line, but this is of no concern to New York area regional rail.

You&#039;re right that the LIRR has a greater problem, but it shouldn&#039;t be too hard to get the M2s and M4s to accept current from a top-contact third rail. The Metro-North and LIRR voltages are probably close enough not to require dual voltage trains.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Adam, the entire NEC south of New Haven has the same 11 kV 25 Hz electrification, and I believe that so do the electrified lines of the NJT. North of New Haven the electrification is 25 kV 60 Hz, so Amtrak has to run dual-voltage locomotives on the line, but this is of no concern to New York area regional rail.</p>
<p>You&#8217;re right that the LIRR has a greater problem, but it shouldn&#8217;t be too hard to get the M2s and M4s to accept current from a top-contact third rail. The Metro-North and LIRR voltages are probably close enough not to require dual voltage trains.</p>
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		<title>By: Norman Brown</title>
		<link>http://www.thetransportpolitic.com/2009/07/16/regional-rail-for-new-york-city-part-i/#comment-2017</link>
		<dc:creator>Norman Brown</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 17 Jul 2009 03:18:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://thetransportpolitic.com/?p=2729#comment-2017</guid>
		<description>&quot;It takes more than a good idea to make a great public improvement. The fact is that such things happen when there are leaders available, ready and eager to take advantage of the logic of events. Even then the whole result is accomplished only by a series of limited objectives, over a surprisingly long period of years.&quot; - Robert Moses

The run to Giants stadium is just such a limited objective.  We&#039;ll be glad if it goes well but still the political economic forces are simply not aligned to rearrange things along these lines in any reasonable time frame.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;It takes more than a good idea to make a great public improvement. The fact is that such things happen when there are leaders available, ready and eager to take advantage of the logic of events. Even then the whole result is accomplished only by a series of limited objectives, over a surprisingly long period of years.&#8221; &#8211; Robert Moses</p>
<p>The run to Giants stadium is just such a limited objective.  We&#8217;ll be glad if it goes well but still the political economic forces are simply not aligned to rearrange things along these lines in any reasonable time frame.</p>
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		<title>By: Adam</title>
		<link>http://www.thetransportpolitic.com/2009/07/16/regional-rail-for-new-york-city-part-i/#comment-2016</link>
		<dc:creator>Adam</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 17 Jul 2009 02:28:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://thetransportpolitic.com/?p=2729#comment-2016</guid>
		<description>I know about the M2s and M4s (and the upcoming M8s) used on the New Haven Line.  However, the problem with them is they can&#039;t go through the phase gap in New Rochelle that would allow them to access Penn Station and continue into NJ.  And even if they did, they&#039;d be restricted to the NEC because they can&#039;t go through the phase gaps on the other lines.  Only electric locos can make the phase gaps, and having electric locos on the New Haven isn&#039;t very smart because of the Cos Cob bridge, which is not electrified.  I don&#039;t know if they can go through phase gaps with a Third Rail between New Rochelle and Penn Station, and if they can, I&#039;d support it.  But there&#039;s still the issue of the phase gaps in Kearney and somewhere on the NJC line.

And this still doesn&#039;t solve the issue of the LIRR, which is probably more important than MN.  There are no dual mode MUs there, and third rail locos are a really bad idea in my opinion.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I know about the M2s and M4s (and the upcoming M8s) used on the New Haven Line.  However, the problem with them is they can&#8217;t go through the phase gap in New Rochelle that would allow them to access Penn Station and continue into NJ.  And even if they did, they&#8217;d be restricted to the NEC because they can&#8217;t go through the phase gaps on the other lines.  Only electric locos can make the phase gaps, and having electric locos on the New Haven isn&#8217;t very smart because of the Cos Cob bridge, which is not electrified.  I don&#8217;t know if they can go through phase gaps with a Third Rail between New Rochelle and Penn Station, and if they can, I&#8217;d support it.  But there&#8217;s still the issue of the phase gaps in Kearney and somewhere on the NJC line.</p>
<p>And this still doesn&#8217;t solve the issue of the LIRR, which is probably more important than MN.  There are no dual mode MUs there, and third rail locos are a really bad idea in my opinion.</p>
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		<title>By: Sean</title>
		<link>http://www.thetransportpolitic.com/2009/07/16/regional-rail-for-new-york-city-part-i/#comment-2015</link>
		<dc:creator>Sean</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 17 Jul 2009 01:50:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://thetransportpolitic.com/?p=2729#comment-2015</guid>
		<description>Great post Alon Levy. You articulated my views perfectly.

Better linkage and integration of the three commuter rail agencies in the Greater New York Region is a must. Connecting Hoboken Terminal with Atlantic Station via Lower Manhattan is a great idea and far overdue. Also, connecting Grand Central with Atlantic Station and NJ Transit is key as well. A spur line connecting Grand Central with the Hoboken Terminal-Atlantic Station line would do the trick.

It is a shame that the answers to having a much better transit system in this country are out there and in practice in other cities but have just not been implemented in this country!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Great post Alon Levy. You articulated my views perfectly.</p>
<p>Better linkage and integration of the three commuter rail agencies in the Greater New York Region is a must. Connecting Hoboken Terminal with Atlantic Station via Lower Manhattan is a great idea and far overdue. Also, connecting Grand Central with Atlantic Station and NJ Transit is key as well. A spur line connecting Grand Central with the Hoboken Terminal-Atlantic Station line would do the trick.</p>
<p>It is a shame that the answers to having a much better transit system in this country are out there and in practice in other cities but have just not been implemented in this country!</p>
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		<title>By: Alon Levy</title>
		<link>http://www.thetransportpolitic.com/2009/07/16/regional-rail-for-new-york-city-part-i/#comment-2014</link>
		<dc:creator>Alon Levy</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 17 Jul 2009 00:13:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://thetransportpolitic.com/?p=2729#comment-2014</guid>
		<description>It depends on the city, really. White Plains has a largish downtown grid. Stamford and Tarrytown don&#039;t, which means they need new street plans, on the model of Tysons Corner. The tram/trolley system can help, but it needs to have short headways, and come together with walkable streets. I&#039;d also propose scrapping regulations that mandate minimum parking.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It depends on the city, really. White Plains has a largish downtown grid. Stamford and Tarrytown don&#8217;t, which means they need new street plans, on the model of Tysons Corner. The tram/trolley system can help, but it needs to have short headways, and come together with walkable streets. I&#8217;d also propose scrapping regulations that mandate minimum parking.</p>
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		<title>By: Eric</title>
		<link>http://www.thetransportpolitic.com/2009/07/16/regional-rail-for-new-york-city-part-i/#comment-2013</link>
		<dc:creator>Eric</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 17 Jul 2009 00:06:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://thetransportpolitic.com/?p=2729#comment-2013</guid>
		<description>@Adam,
Metro North NH Line use overhead Catenary 12.5 kV 60Hz, according to Wiki....though Hudson and Harlem Lines are Third-Rail only, 750V DC.  MNR trains also use 750 VDC third rail running into the GCT tunnel.

The author focused on Stamford as not having enough transit share....part of the issue at Stamford is that the large MNR yard precludes some of the density needed to entice people to take the train... the commercial downtown is in my opinion too far to be walkable by many residents and office works.  Luckily, Stamford is looking at a tram/trolley system to loop its downtown and connect the station to the

My wife and i live 5 stations from Stamford and she works there, but the train is not realistic even though traffic is horrendous because her office is almost 2 miles from the train...not really walkable. Her office would be on the proposed trolley line though.  This same issue is repeated all over the MNR towns, as the surface transportation grid doesn&#039;t truly support the train.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@Adam,<br />
Metro North NH Line use overhead Catenary 12.5 kV 60Hz, according to Wiki&#8230;.though Hudson and Harlem Lines are Third-Rail only, 750V DC.  MNR trains also use 750 VDC third rail running into the GCT tunnel.</p>
<p>The author focused on Stamford as not having enough transit share&#8230;.part of the issue at Stamford is that the large MNR yard precludes some of the density needed to entice people to take the train&#8230; the commercial downtown is in my opinion too far to be walkable by many residents and office works.  Luckily, Stamford is looking at a tram/trolley system to loop its downtown and connect the station to the</p>
<p>My wife and i live 5 stations from Stamford and she works there, but the train is not realistic even though traffic is horrendous because her office is almost 2 miles from the train&#8230;not really walkable. Her office would be on the proposed trolley line though.  This same issue is repeated all over the MNR towns, as the surface transportation grid doesn&#8217;t truly support the train.</p>
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		<title>By: Alon Levy</title>
		<link>http://www.thetransportpolitic.com/2009/07/16/regional-rail-for-new-york-city-part-i/#comment-2012</link>
		<dc:creator>Alon Levy</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 16 Jul 2009 23:43:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://thetransportpolitic.com/?p=2729#comment-2012</guid>
		<description>Adam, there are dual-mode trains in operation - the New Haven Line needs them in order to run on the third rail network leading to Grand Central and the overhead catenary network in Connecticut.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Adam, there are dual-mode trains in operation &#8211; the New Haven Line needs them in order to run on the third rail network leading to Grand Central and the overhead catenary network in Connecticut.</p>
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