Last year, three lines Americans have been waiting on for decades—the Green Line extension in Boston, the Crenshaw Line in Los Angeles, and the Silver Line to Dulles Airport outside Washington—finally opened. Though they took years to be completed, they were greeted enthusiastically by riders and political officials content to bring better service to more people.
Similar reception greeted new rail and bus lines opening in Athens, Cairo, Guadalajara, Helsinki, Paris, and dozens of other cities around the world. And much more is planned for 2023: Finally, Long Island Rail Road service will reach the sub-sub-sub-basement of Grand Central Terminal. Toronto’s Eglinton light rail line will connect the city crosstown. And Honolulu, Gebze, Riyadh, Tel Aviv, and Thessaloniki will get their first metro services.
This year, I leveraged data assembled in the Transit Explorer database to identify which projects opened in 2022, which are planned for opening in 2023, and which will be under construction this year—for a later opening date.
On separate posts, I analyzed trends in transit investments around the world and examined accessibility to transit stations in the US versus Canada, England, and France.

The Transit Explorer database now includes all fixed–guideway urban transit systems (meaning rail and bus rapid transit) across North America, South America, Africa, and nine Western European countries, plus metro systems throughout Europe and in parts of the Middle East. Transit Explorer now includes about 29,200 urban transit stations and about 6,700 urban transit lines (covering 78,000 kilometers). (It also includes some intercity rail systems.) These are the geographies for which I provide details about transit line openings below.
Data can be viewed freely on Transit Explorer or purchased for non-commercial use in Shapefile, GeoJSON, and CSV formats for those who would like to use the data for research or other uses, such as in Excel, R, ArcGIS, or QGIS.
Previous compilations of new and planned transit projects on The Transport Politic can be found here: 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022
New transit investments completed in 2022
Overall, 517 kilometers of new fixed-guideway urban transit services opened in 2022 across the countries covered by the Transit Explorer database. Of these, the countries with the largest increases in kilometers were the United States (196 kilometers); Egypt (77 kilometers); Mexico (60 kilometers); France (39 kilometers); and the United Kingdom (34 kilometers).
Azerbaijan
- Baku: 2 km Purple Line metro extension from Avtovagzal to Khojasan
Canada
- Montreal: Creation of 11 km SRB Pie-IX bus rapid transit route through the east side of the city
Denmark
- Odense: Creation of 14 km first phase of the Letbane tramway system
Egypt
- Cairo:
- Line 3 metro extension west to Kit Kat (4 km)
- Creation of 72 km Cairo Light Rail system (really a metro system) heading east into the new capital area
Finland
- Helsinki: 7 km extension of the M1 metro line
France
- Paris:
- M4 extension 1.8 km south to Bagneux
- M12 extension 1.9 km north to Aubervilliers
- Creation of 19 km Tramway 13 Express, a new circumferential line on the west side of the region
- Rennes: Creation of new 13 km Line B automated light metro
- Toulouse: Creation of 3 km Teleo aerial tram line
Greece
- Athens: Extension of metro line 3 by 3 km
Italy
- Milan: Opening of the first phase of automated M4 light metro, 5.5 km from the airport into the city
Israel
- Haifa: Creation of Rakavlit aerial tram line (4 km)
Luxembourg
- Luxembourg: Extension of T1 tramway by 1.2 km to the south
Mauritius
- Port Louis: 10 km extension of the Metro Express light rail system to the south
Mexico
- Guadalajara: Creation of 41.5 km Mi Macro Periferico bus rapid transit line, a circumferential route around the city
- Mexico: 18 km extension of Mexibus Linea 1 bus rapid transit line in the northern suburbs
Poland
- Warsaw: Extension of M2 metro line west and east, totaling 6 km
Spain
- Valencia: Creation of L10 tramway, 5 km
Turkiye
- Bursa: Creation of 8 km T2 tramway line
- Istanbul:
- 8 km extension of M4 to Asian-side airport
- 1.5 km extension of M7
- Creation of F4 funicular system, a 1 km line
United Kingdom
- Birmingham: 1.3 km extension of the West Midlands Metro light rail system through the centre city
- London:
- Opening of Elizabeth Line regional rail central segment, a 28 km route, mostly in subway, through the center of the city
- Extension of the 4.5 km extension of the Overground to Barking Riverside
United States
- Birmingham: Creation of 16 km Xpress BRT route, which includes some dedicated bus lanes
- Boston: Opening of Green Line extension into Somerville and Medford, along two branches, totaling 7 km
- El Paso: Creation of 31 km Brio Montana arterial rapid transit route
- Los Angeles: Opening of 10 km first phase of K/Crenshaw Line, a light rail route extending from the Expo Line
- Minneapolis: Opening of 27 km D Line arterial rapid transit route
- Philadelphia: 5 km extension of SEPTA Regional Rail to Wawa
- Phoenix: Opening of 5.5 km Tempe Streetcar
- Portland: Opening of 24 km Division Frequent Express bus rapid transit route
- St. Petersburg: Creation of SunRunner Central Avenue BRT, a 28.5 km bus rapid transit line
- San Bernardino: Opening of Arrow Redlands Passenger Rail Project, a 14 km route extending Metrolink
- San Francisco:
- Opening of 2.3 km Central Subway, a new light rail route through the city center
- Creation of Van Ness Avenue BRT, 3 km of dedicated bus lanes
- Washington DC: Opening of second phase of Silver Line, an 18 km extension that includes access to Dulles Airport
Planned 2023 openings
Almost 1,100 kilometers of fixed-guideway urban transit is planned to open in 2023 in the parts of the world covered by Transit Explorer. Of these, about half will be in the form of metro rail services. The countries with the largest expansions planned for opening are the United States (242 kilometers); Saudi Arabia (169 kilometers); Turkiye (127 kilometers); Mexico (98 kilometers); and Canada (78 kilometers). That said, all investments aren’t equal: 57 percent of new US route kilometers will be bus rapid transit or arterial rapid transit. In many other countries, new kilometers are much more likely to be metro rail or light rail services: Saudi Arabia (100 percent); Turkiye (83 percent); and Canada (93 percent).
Brasil
- Rio de Janeiro: TransBrasil, 32 km bus rapid transit route
Canada
- Edmonton: First phase of Valley Line, 13 km light rail route
- Montreal: First phase of REM to the South Shore, a 17 km automated light metro route
- Ottawa:
- Trillium Line South: 14 km light rail route extension to the airport, including electrification of existing diesel line
- Rapibus Lorrain Extension: 3 km line in Gatineau, an Ottawa suburb
- Toronto:
- Line 5 Eglinton Crosstown, a 19 km new light rail route including some subway sections
- Line 6 Finch West LRT, a 10 km light rail route in the city’s northwest
- Vancouver: R6 RapidBus, a bus rapid transit line in Surrey
Chile
- Santiago:
- Line 2, extension to El Pino, 5 km
- Line 3, extension to Plaza de Quilicura, 3 km
- Creation of Teleferico Bicentenario, 3 km aerial tram
Egypt
France
- Angers: Creation of 8 km tramway B/C
- Bordeaux: Tramway A extension, 5 km to airport
- Lyon: Metro B extension, 2.5 km to the southwest
- Paris:
- M11 eastern extension from Les Lilas, 6 km
- Extension of Tramway 3b to Porte Dauphine, 3 km
- Creation of Tramway 10, 8 km
- Creation of Tramway 12 Express, 20 km on route partly within urban areas, partly on former rail alignment
Greece
- Thessaloniki: Creation of Metro Lines 1 and 2, 14 km automated light metro
Israel
- Tel Aviv: Creation of 24 km Red Line light rail corridor, which includes some subway segments through the city
Italy
- Catania: 3 km extensions of the Metropolitana system
- Genova: 0.9 km extension of the automated light metro Metropolitana to Canepari
- Milan: Extension of M4 9 km into the city center
- Naples: 3.5 km extension of Line 6 light metro line
Mexico
- Mexico:
- Line 12 extension along 4 km
- Creation of Cablebus Line 3 aerial tramway, 5 km
- Creation of Mexicable Line 2 aerial tramway, 8 km
- Creation of commuter line to Valle de Mexico, 59 km
- Extension of the northern commuter line to AIFA, 22 km
Netherlands
- Rotterdam: Extension of Line B metro to Hoek van Holland, 2 km
Nigeria
Panama
- Panama: Line 2, 2 km extension to the airport
Russia
- Moscow
- Extension of metro line 8A, 5 km
- Extension of metro line 10, 6 km
- Extensions of metro line 11, 19 km
- Creation of metro line 16, 15 km line
Saudi Arabia
- Riyadh: Six-line automated metro network, extending 170 kilometers across the Saudi capital
Senegal
- Dakar: Extension of the Train express régional commuter rail to AIBD, 19 km
Spain
- Madrid: Metro L3 extension to El Casar, 4 km
- Malaga: Extension of L1/L2 tramway, 1 km
Turkiye
- Ankara: 3.5 km extension of M4 metro to 15 Temmuz Kizilay Milli Irade
- Gebze: Creation of 16 km M1 metro
- Istanbul:
- M3 extensions to Barkirkoy IDO (8.5 km) and Kayasehir Merkez (6 km)
- M5 extension to Sancaktepe Sehir Hastanesi (3 km)
- Creation of M8 metro, 14 km
- M9 extension to Atakoy, 11 km
- M11 extensions to Gayrettepe (3 km) and Halkali (33 km)
- Tramway T5 extension to Eminonu, 1 km
- Creation of T6 tramway, 8.5 km
- Izmir:
- M1 metro extension to Kaymakamlik hatti, 7 km
- T1 tramway extension, 1.5 km
- Creation of T3 tramway, 10 km
United Kingdom
- Birmingham: West Midlands Metro Wolverhampton City Centre Loop, 0.6 km light rail extension
- Blackpool: Tramway extension to the station, 0.5 km
- Edinburgh: 4.5 km trams extension to Newhaven
- London: Creation of Luton Airport DART, 2 km line linking to National Rail
United States
- Albany: Opening of 14 km Washington-Western (Purple Line) bus rapid transit
- Austin:
- Expo Center arterial rapid transit line, 22 km
- Pleasant Valley arterial rapid transit line, 24 km
- Boston: First phase of South Coast rail project, a 60 km commuter rail line
- Chicago: Creation of the 25 km Pace Pulse Dempster bus rapid transit line
- Los Angeles: Opening of downtown’s 3 km Regional Connector subway, which will service the C, E, and L lines
- New York: Long Island Rail Road’s East Side Access project, running in a new subway from Queens to Grand Central Terminal
- Honolulu: First phase of Honolulu’s rail line, 17 km
- Miami: TriRail’s Downtown Miami Link, a 14 km route running partly along Brightline’s intercity rail corridor
- Milwaukee:
- 15 km East-West bus rapid transit line
- Extension of streetcar with 1 km Lakefront Line
- Oklahoma City: Opening of 16 km RAPID NW arterial rapid transit line
- Philadelphia: Reopening and extension of Line 15 trolley
- Portland: Creation of The Vine Mill Plain, a new 17 km bus rapid transit route in Vancouver, Washington
- Salt Lake: 9 km Ogden/Weber State University bus rapid transit line
- San Diego: 19 km Iris Rapid arterial rapid transit line
- Seattle:
- Extension of Line T streetcar, 4 km into Tacoma
- Creation of 13 km Delridge/East Marginal RapidRide H bus rapid transit route
- Spokane: Creation of 9 km City Line bus rapid transit route
- Washington DC: 1 km Pentagon City Transitway extension, running bus rapid transit further into Arlington
Under construction in 2023
Among the countries in the Transit Explorer database, there will be roughly 1,900 kilometers of new fixed–guideway urban transit projects under construction in 2023, but planned to be opened after 2023. About 43 percent of those kilometers will be in the form of metro services. 554 kilometers will be under construction in the United States, 305 kilometers in France, and 172 kilometers in Canada.
Algeria
- Algiers:
- Metro line 1 airport extension, 9 km, opening 2026
- Metro line 1 Baraki extension, 6 km, opening 2025
Argentina
- Buenos Aires: Belgrano Sur commuter rail line, 4 km extension
Austria
- Vienna:
- U2 metro extension to Matzleinsdorferplatz, 4 km, opening 2028
- U5 metro extension, 0.7 km, opening 2026
Azerbaijan
- Baku:
- Green Line metro extension to Mohammed Hadi, 10 km
- Purple Line metro extension to B-4 station, 1 km
Belarus
- Minsk: Zelenaluzhskaya Line metro extension to Slutsk Gastinets, 4 km, opening 2024
Belgium
- Antwerpen: Antwerpse premetro Kerkstraat route, 2 km, opening 2026
- Brussels: T10 tram, linking Rogier to Neder-Over-Heembeek, opening 2024
- Charleroi: Metro Châtelet Branch (light rail), 4 km, opening 2026
- Liège: New tramway, 12 km, opening 2024
Brasil
- Curitiba: Linha Verde bus rapid transit, 5.5 km
- Fortaleza: Linha Leste metro, 6 km, opening 2024
- Rio de Janeiro: Line 4 extensions, 3 km
- Salvador:
- Line 1 metro extension, 4.5 km
- Linha Laranja monorail project, 21 km
- Linha Verde monorail project, 2 km
- Sao Paulo:
- Line 2 metro extension, 9 km, opening 2026
- Line 6 metro new line creation, 16 km, opening 2026
- Line 17 monorail project, 8.5 km, opening 2024
- Line 9 Mendes-Varginha commuter rail line extension, 2.5 km
Bulgaria
- Sofia: M3 metro extension to Vladimir Vazov, 4 km
Canada
- Calgary: Green Line light rail phase 1, 24 km, opening 2027
- Edmonton:
- Valley Line stage 2 west light rail, 21 km, opening 2027
- Metro Line northwest extension phase I light rail, 1 km, opening 2025
- Montreal:
- Blue Line metro extension, 6 km, opening 2026
- REM automated light metro central segment, plus Deux Montagnes, Western, and Airport branches, 65 km, opening 2024
- Ottawa:
- Confederation Line east light rail, 16 km, opening 2024
- Confederation Line west light rail, 19 km, opening 2025
- Toronto:
- Hurontario light rail project (Hazel McCallion Line), 21.5 km, opening 2024
- Ontario Line automated metro, 18 km, opening 2030
- Line 5 Eglinton West light rail extension, 11.5 km, opening 2025
- Scarborough metro subway extension, 8 km, opening 2030
- Vancouver: Broadway automated light metro subway to Arbutus, 8 km, opening 2026
Chile
- Santiago:
- Line 6 metro extension to Isidora Goyenechea, 1 km, opening 2027
- Line 7 creation of new metro line, 29 km, opening 2027
Colombia
- Bogota:
- Line 1 metro new line, 24 km, opening 2028
- RegioTram de Occidente new regional rail line, 40 km, opening 2024
- Avenida 68 bus rapid transit route, 17 km, opening 2026
- NQS Sur bus rapid transit extension, 4.5 km
- Medellin: Calle 12 Sur bus rapid transit extension, 1.5 km
Czechia
- Prague: Line D metro extension, 1.5 km, opening 2029
Denmark
- Copenhagen:
- M4 automated light metro extension to Ny Ellebjerg, 7 km, opening 2024
- Hovedstadens Letbane new tramway line, 35 km, opening 2025
Egypt
- Cairo: Cairo Light Rail Transit (metro) extensions, 22 km
France
- Bordeaux: Bordeaux-St-Aubin-Medoc bus rapid transit line, 29 km, opening 2024
- Montpellier: Tramway 5, 16 km, opening 2025
- Nice: Center city bus rapid transit line, 11.5 km, opening 2025
- Paris:
- M14 automated metro south extension, 14 km, opening 2024
- M14 automated metro north extension, 1.5 km, opening 2024
- M15 automated metro south line, 45 km, opening 2025
- M16/M17 automated metro shared route, 9 km, opening 2026
- M16 automated metro phase 1, 19 km, opening 2026
- M16 automated metro phase 2, 8 km, opening 2028
- M17 automated metro phase 1, 3 km, opening 2026
- M17 automated metro phase 2, 10 km, opening 2028
- M18 automated metro phase 1, 27 km, opening 2027
- RER E regional rail west extension, 78 km, opening 2025
- Tramway 1 east extension to Val-de-Fontenay, 9.5 km, opening 2026
- T Zen 2 bus rapid transit line, 24 km, opening 2027
- T Zen 3 bus rapid transit line, 15 km, opening 2024
- T Zen 4 bus rapid transit line, 18.5 km, opening 2024
- CDG Express regional rail airport express, 13 km, opening 2027
- Toulouse: M3 new automated metro line, 32 km, opening 2028
Germany
- Hamburg:
- U4 metro extension to Horner Geest, 3 km, opening 2026
- U5 new metro line, from Bramfeld-City Nord, 8 km, opening 2030
- Munich: U5 metro extension to Pasing, 4.5 km, opening 2030
- Nurenberg: U3 metro extension to Gebersdorf, 3 km, opening 2026
Greece
- Athens: Line 4 metro, 13 km, opening 2030
Israel
- Jerusalem:
- Red Line tramway extensions to Neve Yaakov and Hadassah, 7 km, opening 2025
- Green Line new tramway line, 22 km, opening 2025
- Tel Aviv:
- Purple Line new light rail line, 30 km, opening 2028
- Green Line new light rail line, 40 km, opening 2028
Italy
- Bologna: Line 1 tramway new line, 23 km, opening 2026
- Cagliari: Line 1 tramway extension to FS station, 3 km, opening 2024
- Florence: T2 tramway extension, 3 km
- Genova: Metropolitana automated light metro extension to Martinez, 1 km, opening 2024
- Milan: M1 metro extension to Monza Bettola, 2 km, opening 2024
- Naples:
- Line 1 metro extensions, 10.5 km, opening 2024
- Line 7 metro, 6 km
- Line 10 automated light metro, 14 km
- Linea 11 metro to Giugliano-Aversa, 15 km
- Rome: C automated light metro extension to Fori Imperiali, 4 km, opening 2024
- Turin
- Line 1 automated light metro extension to Cascine Vica, 5 km, opening 2024
- Line 3 commuter rail connection to Caselle Aeroporto, 2 km
- Alba-Ceres commuter rail connection, 4 km
Ivory Coast
- Abidjan: Metro, 36 km, opening 2025
Luxembourg
- Luxembourg: Tramway T1 extensions, 10 km, opening 2024
Mexico
- Guadalajara: Line 4 commuter rail, 22.5 km, opening 2024
Morocco
- Casablanca:
- T3 tramway new line, 13 km, opening 2024
- T4 tramway new line, 16.5 km, opening 2024
Netherlands
- Amsterdam: Tramway extension, 1 km
Norway
- Oslo: Fornebubanen metro line, 12.5 km, opening 2027
Panama
- Panama: Line 3 monorail new line, 26 km, opening 2025
Peru
- Lima:
- Line 2 new line, 27 km, opening 2024
- Line 4 metro to Gambetta, 8 km
Portugal
- Lisbon: Green Line metro extension, 3 km, opening 2024
- Porto:
- Line D tramway extension, 3.5 km, opening 2024
- Linha Rosa (G) tramway, 3 km, opening 2025
Romania
- Bucarest: M2 metro extension to Tudor Arghezi, 2 km
South Africa
- Johannesburg: Rea Vaya Phase 1C bus rapid transit routes, 17 km, opening 2024
Spain
- Barcelona:
- L9/L10 automated metro central section, 11 km
- Trambaix-Trambesòs tramway connection, 2.5 km, opening 2024
- Madrid:
- L5 metro extension to Barajas Airport, 2 km, opening 2024
- L11 metro extension to Conde de Casal, 7 km, opening 2026
- San Sebastian: Metro Donostialdea Topo E2 extension, 5 km, opening 2024
- Sevilla: MetroCentro tramway extension, 2 km
Sweden
- Stockholm:
- Lines 10/11 metro extensions to Nacka and Sockenplan, 16 km, opening 2030
- Line 11 metro extension to Barkarby, 7 km, opening 2026
- Yellow Line metro, 5 km, opening 2027
Turkiye
- Ankara: Ankaray metro extension to Sogutozu, 1 km
- Bursa: BursaRay light rail extension to Sehir Hastanesi, 5.5 km, opening 2024
- Istanbul:
- M1B metro extension to Halkali, 11 km, opening 2024
- M4 metro extension to Icemeler, 9 km
- M5 metro extension to Sultanbeyli, 9 km, opening 2024
- M7 metro extension to Kabatas, 4 km, opening 2024
- M7 metro extension to Hastane, 9 km, opening 2025
- M7 metro extension to Esenyurt Meydan, 14 km, opening 2029
- M10 metro extension to Pendik Center, 5 km
- M12 metro new line, 15 km, opening 2024
- Izmir: M2 metro new line, 15 km, opening 2026
- Mersin: M1 metro new line, 15.5 km, opening 2026
Ukraine
- Dnipro: Dnipro Metro extension, 6 km, opening 2024
- Kyiv: M3 metro extension to Marshala Hrechka, 6.5 km
United Kingdom
- Birmingham:
- Eastside Metro Extension light rail, 2.5 km, opening 2025
- West Midlands Metro Wednesbury to Brierley Hill light rail extension, 14.5 km, opening 2024
United States
- Atlanta: Summerhill bus rapid transit line, 6 km, opening 2024
- Chicago:
- West Lake South Shore line commuter rail extension, 12 km, opening 2026
- Northwest Indiana Double Track project, expanding the South Shore line’s commuter rail tracks along 54 km, opening 2024
- Bay Area:
- SMART regional rail phase 2 to Windsor, 5 km, opening 2024
- VTA light rail Eastridge to BART Regional Connector (San Jose), 4 km, opening 2027
- Dallas: Silver Line regional rail line, 51 km, opening 2024
- Honolulu: Honolulu automated light metro phase 2, 16.5 km, opening 2031
- Houston: 56 Airline/Montrose BOOST arterial rapid transit line, 3 km
- Indianapolis: Purple Line bus rapid transit, 19 km, opening 2024
- Kansas City:
- Main Street streetcar extension to UMO-KC, 6 km, opening 2025
- Riverfront streetcar extension, 2 km, opening 2025
- Los Angeles:
- D Line (Purple) metro extension, phase 1, 7.5 km, opening 2024
- D Line (Purple) metro extension, phase 2, 5.5 km, opening 2025
- D Line (Purple) metro extension, phase 3, 4 km, opening 2027
- L Line (Gold) light rail phase 2B to Pomona, 17.5 km, opening 2025
- L Line (Gold) light rail phase 2B to Montclair, 6 km, opening 2028
- LAX Airport Connector automated light metro, 4 km, opening 2024
- OC Streetcar Santa Ana/Garden Grove, 9 km, opening 2024
- Crenshaw Line light rail phase 2, 4 km, opening 2024
- Miami: South Dade TransitWay Corridor bus rapid transit (renovation of existing corridor), 32 km, opening 2024
- Minneapolis:
- Southwest Corridor/Green Line light rail extension, 29 km, opening 2026
- Gateway Corridor Gold Line bus rapid transit, 24 km, opening 2025
- B Line arterial rapid transit, opening 2024
- Monterey: Monterey County commuter rail extension, 67 km, opening 2024
- New York:
- Lackawanna Cut-Off commuter rail (New Jersey Transit) phase 1, 15 km, opening 2026
- Penn Station Access commuter rail (Metro North), 27 km, opening 2027
- Portal North Bridge commuter rail (Amtrak/New Jersey Transit), 6 km, opening 2027
- Orlando: SunRail regional rail phase 2 north, 19 km, opening 2024
- Phoenix:
- Northwest light rail phase 2, 3 km, opening 2024
- South Central light rail corridor, 9 km, opening 2024
- Seattle:
- East Link Blue Line light rail, 29 km, opening 2024
- Center City Connector streetcar, 2 km, opening 2025
- Lynnwood Link light rail extension, 15 km, opening 2024
- Federal Way Link light rail extension, 13 km, opening 2024
- Downtown Redmond Link light rail extension, 7 km, opening 2024
- Madison St RapidRide G bus rapid transit, 6 km, opening 2024
- Swift Orange Line arterial rapid transit, 21 km, opening 2024
- Washington DC: Purple Line light rail, 31 km, opening 2026
Venezuela
- Caracas:
- Line 5 metro, 9.5 km
- MetroCable La Dolorita aerial tram, 4 km
- Metro de Los Teques Line 2 extension, 10 km
- Valencia: Line 2 light rail extension, 2.5 km